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actuators:erm [2022/03/16 20:49] – created jonathan.lane-smith | actuators:erm [2022/04/07 15:56] (current) – [Advantages & Disadvantages] jonathan.lane-smith | ||
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There are three main types of ERM motors: Shafted motors, encapsulated cylindrical motors, and shaftless motors. | There are three main types of ERM motors: Shafted motors, encapsulated cylindrical motors, and shaftless motors. | ||
- | Shafted motors are ERM motors for which the eccentric mass is visible. When using shafted motors, it is important to ensure that nothing comes in contact with the eccentric mass while it is spinning. If this does occur, it could result in a large jerk instead of a smooth vibration, in addition to damaging whatever came in contact with the eccentric mass.. | + | Shafted motors are ERM motors for which the eccentric mass is visible. When using shafted motors, it is important to ensure that nothing comes in contact with the eccentric mass while it is spinning. If this does occur, it could result in a large jerk instead of a smooth vibration, in addition to possibly |
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Encapsulated cylindrical motors are similar to shafted motors, but they cover the rotating shaft in order to prevent interference of outside objects with the eccentric mass. | Encapsulated cylindrical motors are similar to shafted motors, but they cover the rotating shaft in order to prevent interference of outside objects with the eccentric mass. | ||
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Shaftless motors, also known as " | Shaftless motors, also known as " | ||
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===== Advantages & Disadvantages ===== | ===== Advantages & Disadvantages ===== | ||
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ERM motors are fairly simple, reliable, and affordable, making them popular choices for haptic displays. The actual motor of an ERM motor is a DC motor, which makes it very easy to connect ERM motors to microcontrollers such as Arduinos. | ERM motors are fairly simple, reliable, and affordable, making them popular choices for haptic displays. The actual motor of an ERM motor is a DC motor, which makes it very easy to connect ERM motors to microcontrollers such as Arduinos. | ||
- | The biggest | + | One main disadvantage of ERM motors is that the frequency and amplitude are linked together. If the motor is spinning slowly, it will have a low frequency and amplitude, and if the motor is spinning quickly, it will have a high frequency and amplitude. For applications in which it is important for the frequency and amplitude to be independently set, ERM motors are not suitable choices. |
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+ | Another disadvantage of ERM motors is that because they use DC motors, their response time is fairly high. This means that they may not be suitable for applications in which they vibrate with accompanying audio. | ||
===== ERM Examples ===== | ===== ERM Examples ===== | ||
- | There are many inexpensive ERM motors available on DigiKey. Three examples are shown below. | + | There are many inexpensive ERM motors available on DigiKey. Three examples are shown in the table below. |
- | Shafted | + | ^ Type ^ Manufacturer ^ Cost ^ Link ^ |
+ | | Shafted | ||
+ | | Encapsulated Motor | Vybronics, Inc | $5.29 | [[https:// | ||
+ | | Shaftless Motor | Seeed Technology Co., Ltd | $1.76 | [[https:// | ||
- | Encapsulated | + | The above motors generally work as expected, but can sometimes have noticeable variations between identical motors. Higher quality ERM motors with more consistent |
- | Shaftless motor: https:// | + | ===== Projects Using ERMs ===== |
- | The above motors work as expected, but can sometimes | + | There have been many projects in music technology that have used ERM motors. |
- | ===== Projects Using ERMs ===== | + | * Joanne Armitage and Kia Ng from the University of Leeds created a haptic interface of 16 ERM motors presented as a grid array to augment the physical nature of live performances. ((Joanne Armitage and Kia Ng. Configuring a Haptic Interface for Music Performance. DOI: 10.14236/ |
+ | * Researchers from Matralab, a group at Concordia University, worked on a project entitled : | ||
+ | * Emma Fried and members of the IDMIL lab at McGill University created a wearable tactile display consisting of ERM motors to be placed on a person' | ||
+ | * Luca Turchet, Travis West and Marcelo Wanderley developed music haptic wearables consisting of two armbands, each with two ERM motors, in order to augment the experience of live musical performances for audience members. ((L. Turchet, T. West, and M. M. Wanderley, “Touching the audience: Musical haptic wearables for augmented and participatory live music performances, | ||
- | ===== References ===== | + | A simple search on Google Scholar can reveal many more examples of music tech projects that make use of ERM motors, showing that these motors are accessible and effective at communicating tactile feedback to users. |
- | Paper by Choi | + | |
- | https://www.precisionmicrodrives.com/ | + | |
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+ | ===== External Links ===== | ||
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+ | The following paper by Choi and Kuchenbecker gives a great overview of vibrotactile displays, how vibrotactile feedback is perceived by humans, more detail into the different vibrotactile technologies, | ||
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+ | S. Choi and K. J. Kuchenbecker, | ||
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+ | To understand more about the theory behind ERM motors and how they work, Precision Microdrives has a great webpage that discusses this in detail: | ||
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+ | “AB-004: Understanding ERM vibration motor characteristics, | ||
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+ | ===== References ===== | ||