An actuator is a device that takes an electrical signal as an input and produces a physical response as an output.

• Piezoelectric
• Rotary Motor
• ERM
• Voice Coil
• Servo Motor
• Stepper Motor
• Solenoid
• Hydraulics and Pneumatics
• Visual Displays
• Light Emitting Diodes
• Electrostatic
• Linear Actuator
• Valve Actuator

• Introductory References
• Bibliography
• Internet directory (Updated March 2012)

• Introductory References
• Bibliography
• Internet directory (Updated March 2012)